The Gongga Mountain area belongs to the southwestern part of the Indo Asian boundary in terms of animal geography. Due to its location in the transitional zone between the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan Basin, the composition of the animal fauna is very complex, with both elements from the Oriental and Palearctic boundaries. In addition, the north-south direction of the mountain range results in a significant mixing of animals from the north and south in the area. Overall, the Gongga Mountain area is rich in animal resources and has a complex composition, with forest animals and alpine animals as the main characteristics. According to the investigation, there are 322 species of wild animals in 70 families here, including 60 species of mammals in 21 families, 266 species of birds in 40 families, 22 species of reptiles in 4 families, 14 species of amphibians in 5 families, and a variety of fish. There are nine species of first-class protected animals in the animal kingdom, including golden monkeys, self lipped deer, antelopes, wild donkeys, wild yaks, snow leopards, leopards, clouded leopards, and green tailed pheasants. There are also 18 species of second-class protected animals, including red pandas, tufted deer, white rumped deer, water deer, forest musk deer, horse musk deer, argali, golden cat, lynx, macaques, short tailed monkeys, red bellied pheasants, Tibetan pheasants, antelopes, rock sheep, antelopes, Tibetan blood chickens, and blood pheasants. In addition, there are also large numbers of squirrels, ferrets, gray tailed rabbits, pig badgers, black bears, Himalayan marmots, and others.  

         Animals under national protection among birds include the red bellied pheasant, green tailed pheasant, Tibetan pheasant, Tibetan snow chicken, and blood pheasant. Among the 99 species of specialty birds in China, Sichuan accounts for 58 species, and Gongga Mountain Reserve has 30 species.

Crawlers mainly include the striped small headed snake, brown online game snake, neck and neck wandering snake Jiulong subspecies, white striped brocade snake, black browed brocade snake, black backed white ring snake, mountain sliding lizard, Kangding sliding lizard, grass green dragon lizard, Dadu stone dragon, etc.

Amphibians include Huaxi two frogs, Lixian turbulent frogs, Japanese frogs, spotted mountain stream salamanders, thymic toothed toads, wrinkled mosquito toothed toads, etc.

        There are fish species such as loach, lip catfish, grouper catfish, and Dadu soft spined naked crack.

        The Necessity of Nature Reserve Construction

         Nature reserves are permanent conservation bases and natural resource banks established by humans to protect the natural environment and resources, save and preserve endangered biological sources, monitor the impact of human activities on the natural world, and expand and rationally utilize natural resources. They are of great significance for promoting the development of scientific research, education, production, health, tourism and other undertakings. Currently, the area of general national nature reserves accounts for about 5% of the total land area. Internationally, not only is the percentage of the total area of nature reserves to the national land area an important indicator for measuring the level of development of a country's nature conservation industry, but the level of development of nature conservation industry is also regarded as one of the indicators for measuring a country's modernization.

         The Gongga Mountain area has a complete natural vertical belt spectrum, typical high mountain natural landscapes, and presents transitional, mixed, and complex natural geographical phenomena; It has the characteristics of ancient origin, significant differentiation, multiple endemic species, mixed geographical components, and obvious substitution phenomena of biological flora components; It has typical oceanic glaciers with development. The establishment of Gongga Mountain Nature Reserve will protect this highly native and well preserved high-altitude ecosystem, as well as rich species genes. It will also provide an ideal site for in-depth research and revelation of the formation and evolution of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, exploration of the relationship between the uplift of Gongga Mountain and the formation and evolution of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, regional environmental dynamic changes, and global climate change.

         The forest vegetation in the Gongga Mountain area is one of the representatives of the forest ecological types in the high mountains and deep valleys of the Hengduan Mountains. The establishment of a nature reserve can protect this large area of primitive hot forest. Observation and research on forest ecological functions, productivity, and forest hydrological effects can be carried out in the experimental area of the reserve to seek effective ways for rational development and protection. This is of great significance for the effective utilization of forest vegetation in the Hengduan Mountains and soil and water conservation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

          The valley area and adjacent areas of Gonggongga Mountain are densely populated and have the highest intensity of resource development and utilization. The ecosystem is very fragile, and the establishment of nature reserves can facilitate the ecological reconstruction of low altitude vegetation degradation areas, build artificial groups and ecological agriculture that balance economic benefits, and find effective methods for the rational development and utilization of valley areas. It has an important promoting effect and can provide a demonstration for the construction and protection of dry, arid, and semi-arid valleys in the Hengduan Mountains.

         The Gongga Mountain area has a unique landscape and beautiful scenery. The ancient glacier relics inside the mirror match with low altitude modern glaciers, primitive forests, hot mineral springs, and snow peaks, complementing each other. It has strong scientific and ornamental value and is a rare tourism resource for scientific exploration, mountaineering exploration, and sightseeing tourism. The establishment of a nature reserve enables the rational development and utilization of tourism resources in the region, promoting sustainable socio-economic development.

         In summary, establishing a nature reserve in the Gongga Mountain area not only has important scientific significance, but also significant socio-economic implications. It can be seen that it is very necessary to establish a nature reserve in the Gongga Mountain area as soon as possible.